Acute kidney injury (AKI) is when your kidneys suddenly stop working properly. It can range from minor loss of kidney function to complete kidney failure. Despite treatment advances, AKI mortality remains high—about 40% in critically ill patients. Factors that may influence high mortality include the increasing age of the patient population and the development of multisystem failure. Patients who fail to recover from AKI have a 25% chance of dying within 1 year. Also, in postoperative patients like Dr. Snehal Gaikwad and in AKI patients who need renal replacement therapy (dialysis), AKI is linked to an increased risk of death.
AKI carries a high economic toll as well. Many patients don’t recover, suffering end-stage renal disease (ESRD), which necessitates lifelong dialysis.
Causes:
Nephrotoxic drugs, such as aminoglycosides and contrast agents, can cause AKI. To avoid kidney injury, these agents must be administered carefully, with dosages tailored to the patient’s condition.
Overwhelming infection or sepsis is one of the most common causes of AKI. The kidney receives about 20% of total cardiac output in normal healthy persons. In contrast, patients with serious infections have reduced BP, which decreases blood flow to the kidneys and leads to ischemia. Renal tubules are highly sensitive to reduced blood flow. Sepsis disrupts blood flow to the kidneys the gut and the liver; some organs have well-perfused and nonperfused areas. As blood flow slows and stagnates, some kidney areas become under-perfused, ultimately suffering cell ischemia and death.
Signs and symptoms of AKI include:
decreased urine output (although occasionally, urine output remains normal)
chest pain or pressure
jugular vein distention
fluid retention, causing edematous legs, ankles, or feet
shortness of breath
confusion
nausea
seizures or coma in severe cases.
Understanding the causes, risks, and potential long-term impacts of AKI is essential for effective treatment and recovery. Acute kidney injury treatment in Pune is a critical condition that requires immediate attention and ongoing management. At Swanand Kidney Clinic, we are dedicated to providing comprehensive care and support for patients affected by AKI.
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